严重声明:
一、表语从句
表语从句在复合句中作主句的表语, 它的作用相当于名词。引导表语从句的词有:连词that,whether,as if,as though;连接代词who,what,which;连接副词when,where,how,why等。
That's what we are worrying about.那正是我们所担心的。
The question isn't who will go, but who will stay.问题不是谁去而是谁留。
The question is whether it is worth doing.问题是这值不值得做。
That is why she had a day off yesterday.那就是她昨天请一天假的原因。
注:表语从包也可由because引导, 俱通常只用“This(That/It) is because.'这种结构。表语丛句还可由as if, as though引导。
It is because we need your help.那是因为我们需要你的帮助。
It looked as if it was going to snow.看起来好像就要下雪了。
二、同位语从句
同位语丛句一般跟在某些抽象名词之后,给该名词以更详细、更具体的解释或说明。可接同位语从句的名词通常是概括性的抽象名词, 如:answer,bel if,command,decision,demand,doubt,fact,explana-tion,idea,hope,news,order,problem,promise,reply,report,Suggestion,thought,truth,wish等。
The fact that he had not said anything surprised anybody.
他什么话也没有说,这件事使大家很吃惊。
I have no idea when he will be back.我不知道他什么时候回来。
We heard the news that our team had won.我们听说了我们队赢了的消息。
注:1. 同位语从包中的that不作任何包子成分, 而定语从句中的that在从句中则充当成分。
2. 定语从句是形賽词性的,其功能是修饰先行词,对先行词加以限定;同位语丛句是名词性的,其功能是对名词进行补充说明。
The news that he told me is that Tom would go abroad next year.
他告诉我的消息是明年汤姆要出国。(第一个that引导的是定语从句, 作old的直接宾语)
The news that Tom would go abroad is told by hi.汤姆要出国的消息是他透露的。
(同位语从句, that在从句中不作任何句子成分)